Home : DrugWatch : Phenergan : Wikipedia : Hypoventilation

Wikipedia - Hypoventilation

  (Redirected from Respiratory depression)
Not to be confused with hypopnea.
Not to be confused with hyperventilation.
Hypoventilation
ICD-10 R06.8
ICD-9 786.09
DiseasesDB 29214
eMedicine med/3470
MeSH D007040

In medicine, hypoventilation (also known as respiratory depression) occurs when ventilation is inadequate[1] (hypo means "below") to perform needed gas exchange. By definition it causes an increased concentration of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia) and respiratory acidosis.

Contents

[edit] Causes

It can be caused by medical conditions, such as stroke affecting the brainstem, by holding one's breath, or by drugs, typically when taken in overdose. Hypocapnia also stimulates hypoventilation.

[edit] Effects

As a side effect of medicines or recreational drugs, hypoventilation may become potentially life-threatening. Many different CNS depressant drugs such as alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, GHB, sedatives and opiates produce respiratory depression when taken in large or excessive doses; however this is most commonly seen as a cause of death with opiates or opioids, particularly when they are combined with sedatives such as alcohol or benzodiazepines. Strong opiates, (fentanyl, heroin, morphine, etc), barbiturates, and the benzodiazepine, temazepam, are notorious for producing this effect; in an overdose, an individual may cease breathing entirely (go into respiratory arrest) which is rapidly fatal without treatment.

[edit] Treatment

Respiratory stimulants such as nikethamide were traditionally used to counteract respiratory depression from CNS depressant overdose, but were of only limited effectiveness. A new respiratory stimulant drug BIMU8 is currently being investigated which seems to be significantly more effective and may be useful for counteracting the respiratory depression produced by opiates and similar drugs without offsetting their therapeutic or recreational effects.

[edit] Associated conditions

Disorders referred to as "Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome" or "CCHS" and "Rapid-Onset Obesity, Hypothalamic Dysfunction, Hypoventilation, with Autonomic Dysregulation" or ROHHAD are recognized. CCHS condition may be a significant factor in some cases of sudden infant death syndrome or SIDS, often termed "cot death" or "crib death."

The opposite condition is hyperventilation (too much ventilation), resulting in low carbon dioxide levels (hypocapnia), rather than hypercapnia.

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ hypoventilation at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
v • d • e
Symptoms and signs: respiratory system (R04-R07, 786)
Hemorrhage
Abnormalities
of breathing
Other
Chest, general

M: RES

anat(n,x,l,c)/phys/devp

proc, drug(R1/2/3/5/6/7)
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoventilation"

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Hypoventilation".

Need A Phenergan Attorney?

First Name Last Name Email Address State
Has Your Health Been Negatively Affected?

Please Describe the Injury

Your Friend's Email Address

Your Email Address

Type a Message (optional)


Looking for a District of Columbia Phenergan attorney? Get in touch with one of our District of Columbia Phenergan attorneys now.

 

Close (x)

Looking for an Attorney?


Please type your question:

Close (x)

logo Find Legal Help for Your Phenergan Case - Submit Your Information Below

Do you need legal assistance with your Phenergan case?
LegalView may be able to help.


Submit your information below for a free, no-cost evaluation.

We'll submit your information to one of our partner firms.
LegalView's partners represent clients throughout the United States, for a very wide range of legal issues. Submit your information now, to see if one of LegalView's partners can help!

* Indicates Required Fields

First name *
Last name *
Email Address *
Phone Number *
()  -

State *
Legal Issue * DrugWatch: Phenergan Change
Was There an Injury?
Please Describe The Injury

DISCLAIMER and STATEMENT OF NON-CONFIDENTIALITY

By submitting this form, you agree that completing the above is not intended to create an attorney-client relationship.

Disclosure

Legal WebTV Network LLC, LegalView.com, and LegalWebMedia.com are group advertising sponsored by the attorneys identified here. It is not a lawyer referral service. If you submit information on this website [more...]

Legal WebTV Network LLC, LegalView.com, and LegalWebMedia.com are group advertising sponsored by the attorneys identified here. It is not a lawyer referral service. If you submit information on this website, LegalWebMedia.com will submit your information to the law firms that pay for this group advertising and to respond to your requests for information concerning legal services in their assigned local areas. If there is no sponsoring firm in your state, your inquiry will be submitted to one of the sponsoring law firms on a predetermined, rotating basis. If the sponsoring law firm accepts your case, it will associate with licensed attorneys practicing in your state, if required; the sponsoring law firm may also contact other law firms to see if they may be able to assist.

The information provided by the LegalView.com and LegalWebMedia.com websites is for advertising and informational purposes and should not be considered as legal advice from the sponsoring attorneys. The websites contain general information and may not reflect current legal developments, verdicts, or settlements. LegalView.com contains information created by others or supplied through open forums; the sponsoring law firms are not responsible for the accuracy of this information. Any person viewing or receiving information from these websites should not act or refrain from acting on the basis of any such information without first seeking appropriate legal advice from an attorney in your area. Legal WebTV Network, LLC expressly disclaims any liability with respect to actions taken or not taken by the recipient based on any or all of the information or contents contained in these websites.

Any information sent to Legal WebTV Network LLC through this website is done using standard Web encryption techology. LegalView.com will exercise all reasonable care, within technological limits, to protect the confidentiality of any information submitted via Internet e-mail or through this website. By accessing this website, you may be seeking an attorney to represent you or legal advice. However, none of the sponsoring attorneys represent you yet.

The choice of a lawyer is an important decision and should not be based solely upon advertisements.

Any transmission of information, whether via Internet e-mail or through the website, is solely for evaluation purposes by the sponsoring law firms and their associates. The transmission of any information to any attorney sponsoring advertising on LegalView.com or LegalWebMedia.com does not create an attorney-client relationship between the sender and any recipient. An attorney-client relationship can only be created by a written, signed-fee agreement entered into with an attorney. The sponsoring attorneys will treat your information as a confidential communication for the purpose of obtaining legal services or legal advice.

For more information about the sponsoring law firms, please click here.
This form is secure and encrypted. More information about secure forms and your privacy here.